Nearly Half of White Evangelical Voters would be Uncomfortable with a Mormon President

WASHINGTON, D.C. – A strong majority (60 percent) of Americans say that society would be better off if the distribution of wealth were more equal. A new major national survey finds that majorities of every religious group and religiously unaffiliated Americans agree on this point; however, there are large partisan, ethnic, and generational disagreements about the distribution of wealth in society.

The 2011 American Values Survey — a large annual survey exploring important issues at the intersection of religion, values and politics—highlights American attitudes on equal opportunity and inequality, the Mormon question in the 2012 election, and attitudes about the Obama presidency.

“We are witnessing the emergence of a generational fault line over what constitutes a good society,” said Dr. Robert P. Jones, CEO of PRRI. “Seven-in-ten of the Millennial generation believe that society would be better off if the distribution of wealth were more equal, while a majority of seniors disagree.”

With the exception of Americans who identify with the Tea Party, Americans strongly support proposals to address economic inequality at both the top and bottom end of the income spectrum. Seven-in-ten Americans—including majorities of all major religious groups and Democrats, Independents, and Republicans—support increasing the tax rate on Americans earning more than $1 million per year. Two-thirds of Americans—again including majorities of all major religious groups and Democrats, Independents, and Republicans—also support raising the minimum wage from $7.25 to $10.00 per hour. Majorities of Americans who identify with the Tea Party oppose both proposals.

The survey also finds that Mitt Romney may continue to face difficulty with white evangelical Protestant voters, a key Republican constituency. Approximately four-in-ten Americans report they would be somewhat or very uncomfortable with a Mormon president; that number rises to nearly half (47%) among white evangelical Protestant voters.

“Despite the considerable attention paid to Romney’s Mormon faith, most Americans are still unaware of his religious identity, with one important exception: white evangelical Protestants have become significantly better informed about Romney’s faith since mid-summer,” said Daniel Cox, PRRI research director. “Within this period, Romney’s favorability among white evangelical Protestants has fallen significantly, from 63 percent in late September to just 49 percent currently.”

Among the findings:

There are large divisions in American society on the issue of equal opportunity. A majority (53 percent) of Americans believe that one of the biggest problems in the country is that everyone does not have an equal chance in life. Four-in-ten Americans say that it is not really that big a problem if some people have more of a chance than others.

A strong majority (60 percent) of Americans agree that the country would be better off if the distribution of wealth was more equal, while 39 percent disagree.

• Majorities of every major religious group and religiously unaffiliated Americans agree that the country would be better off if the distribution of wealth was more equal.
• Nearly 7-in-10 (69 percent) Millennials agree that the U.S. would be better off if there was a more equal distribution of wealth. Among seniors, less than half (46 percent) agree.

Seven-in-ten (70 percent) Americans favor “the Buffett rule,” a proposal to increase the tax rate on Americans earning more than $1 million per year, compared to only 27 percent who oppose it.

Overall, two-thirds (67 percent) of Americans favor increasing the minimum wage from $7.25 an hour to $10.00 an hour. Support for raising the minimum wage has remained stable since 2010.

Two-thirds of voters say that it is very important (39 percent) or somewhat important (28 percent) for a presidential candidate to have strong religious beliefs. However, roughly 1-in-5 (19 percent) voters say they would be less likely to vote for a candidate who had strong religious beliefs if those beliefs were very different from their own.

A majority of voters (53 percent) report that they would be somewhat or very comfortable with a Mormon serving as President, although more than 4-in-10 (42 percent) say that a Mormon president would make them somewhat or very uncomfortable.

A significant number of Americans see the Mormon faith as different from their own.

• Thirty-six percent of registered voters do not believe the Mormon faith is a Christian religion, compared to half of registered voters who say that the Mormon faith is a Christian religion; 14 percent say they are not sure.
  • Nearly half (49 percent) of white evangelical Protestant voters do not believe that the Mormon faith is a Christian religion.
• Approximately two-thirds (66 percent) of voters say that the religious beliefs of Mormons are somewhat or very different from their own.

Because few Americans currently know Romney is Mormon attitudes about Romney’s faith may not have fully impacted his candidacy.

• Only about 4-in-10 (42 percent) Americans can correctly identify Mitt Romney’s religion as Mormon.
• Among voters who believe that Mormons have religious beliefs that are somewhat or very similar to their own and are familiar with Romney, nearly two-thirds (66 percent) have a favorable view of him. In contrast, among voters who believe that Mormons have religious beliefs that are somewhat or very different from their own, less than half (47 percent) report having a favorable opinion of Romney.

Currently, among Republican voters who know enough about the candidate to register an opinion, Cain leads Romney in favorability (73 percent and 66 percent respectively), with Perry trailing at 53 percent.

Americans’ feelings about the Obama presidency are decidedly mixed.

• Overall, approximately equal numbers of Americans report that they are excited (5 percent) or satisfied (28 percent) as report feeling worried (26 percent), or angry (10 percent). Nearly 3-in-10 (29 percent), however, report feeling disappointed.
• Americans are almost equally divided in their views about how Obama is doing as President: 45 percent approve and 44 percent disapprove.
• A majority (54 percent) of white Americans disapprove of how Obama is handling his job as president. In contrast, 55 percent of Hispanic Americans and fully 88 percent of African Americans approve of how Obama is handling his job as president.
• Although Americans are divided over his job as president, a majority (53 percent) of Americans say they have a favorable view of Obama personally.

When asked to voice the reasons for their disapproval of Obama’s job performance in their own words, Americans most frequently cite leadership qualities (41 percent) and his handling of economic issues (37 percent). Only about 1-in-10 (11 percent) mention personal qualities of the President or some other reason (9 percent), a category that includes foreign policy and immigration.

More Americans believe that President Obama, rather than Republican leaders in Congress, has a better idea about how to create jobs (44 percent and 35 percent respectively).

Read the report.

Read the topline questionnaire, including the methodology.

The American Values Survey was designed and conducted by Public Religion Research Institute. Results of the survey were based on bilingual (Spanish and English) telephone interviews conducted among a random sample of 1,505 adults (602 respondents were interviewed on a cell phone), between September 22, 2011 and October 2, 2011. The margin of error for the general sample is +/-2.5 percentage points at the 95 percent confidence interval.

The Republican primary section of the report includes additional findings from the Religion and Politics Tracking Survey, designed and conducted by Public Religion Research Institute. Results of the survey were based on bilingual (Spanish and English) telephone interviews conducted among a random sample of 1,109 adults (294 respondents were interviewed on a cell phone) between October 19, 2011 and October 23, 2011. The margin of error for this subset of questions is +/- 3.0 percentage points at the 95 percent level of confidence.

Public Religion Research Institute is a non-profit, nonpartisan research and education organization specializing in work at the intersection of religion, values and public life.